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This series contains papers, meeting minutes, articles, reports, and other publications collected or created by Bates regarding missions in 20th century China, most of which are connected to the research project on which he was working after his retirement (and which remained incomplete at the time of his death). The publication in folder 7 was an attempt to collect his notes and drafts from this project. The Hunan 湖南 Synod of the Church of Christ in China is well represented in the collection, as is Bates' experience in Nanjing 南京 in the late 1930s, dealing with the Japanese occupation. This series also contains some provenance information and signature cards.

This series contains correspondence written by John Horton and Helen Daniels to family and friends in the United States. It covers the period during which they lived and worked in China, including the final years leading up to the establishment of the People's Republic and the eviction of the missionaries. Most of this correspondence is of a personal nature, reporting and reflecting on their experiences in China. Several of the letters are significant because they were sent by John Horton Daniels to his wife and family from internment in the Philippines. There are also official communications between government agencies and the Daniels' family regarding his status as an interned civilian.

This series contains typewritten copies of letters originally written by David Washington Cincinnatus Olyphant between 1827 and 1851. The recipient of the letters is not recorded. Topics of the letters include missionaries and their work, bringing missionaries to China, opium, and the addition of California to the United States.

This series contains correspondence, reports, minutes, and other documents related to the efforts of missionaries to evangelize Chinese students in government-run universities during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Organizations and persons reflected in the records include the National Christian Council of China: Committee on Student Evangelism, the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions, the Foreign Missions Conference of North America: Committee on the Far East, and Jiang Wenhan 江文漢 or Kiang Wen-han (1908 - 1984), who was baptized in 1923 and went on to study at a number of universities in China as well as at Columbia University, worked with the Chinese YMCA, and coordinated relief work during the war with Japan.

This series consists of 390 printed items of ephemera published and circulated in China dating from circa 1906 to 1986. Materials include booklets from publication series on subjects including natural science, agriculture, health, mathematics, crafting, social science, etc. Some of the materials were possibly used as education resources for students from kindergarten to junior high school. Some of the ephemera printed by the Chinese national and local government offices as well as other popular publishers were for dissemination of information on topics related to industries, public health, politics, social policies, law, etc. Also included are pamphlets and brochures from trade exposition events in China as well as handbooks and vocational manuals related to agricultural and industrial production and machineries.

Series 1 consists of administrative subject files which includes annual reports, correspondence, budgets, NEH grant files, information about publications in microform, publication issues as well as other subject matters. Materials also include correspondence and index to the affiliated projects such as the Academia Sinica oral history project and the China Missionaries oral history project.

This collection contains a small amount of minutes and correspondence from AIUSA Board of Directors Meetings and Executive Committee Meetings kept by Arthur M. Michaelson from 1978-1979. These minutes discuss budget, policy, staffing, and other broad decisions for the organization, background info on the AIUSA Legal Committee, China, and injustices in the USA.

This series contains a typewritten manuscript by Margaret H. Brown entitled "History of the Honan (North China) Mission [Presbyterian] of the United Church of Canada," compiled over a period spanning the 1940s to the 1960s. The work chronicles the history of the Canadian mission to central China, first under the Presbyterian Church and later as part of the United Church of Canada, from the 1880s to 1951 when the mission was forced out. The chapters each center on a particular theme, and though they are presented in a roughly chronological order, subsequent chapters will often jump back to begin the narrative from an earlier date. There is also an appendix with a list of missionaries who served in the mission.

Country files are arranged alphabetically and represent the following nations: Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Maldives, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, New Caledonia, North Korea, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tibet, and Vietnam. The files contain correspondence, mission notes and predominantly research files utilized in the compilation of Asia Watch publications and reports produced from 1987 to 1997.

This series contains personal correspondence between Headland and other missionaries and teachers and correspondence regarding Peking University's endowment, as well as photographs and clippings collected by Headland as a missionary, professor, and college president in China. Included are formal portraits and street scenes of everyday life, people, and important personages in China, as well as images of Beijing, military forces involved in the Boxer Rebellion, and the Qing Imperial family. Also included are portraits of Chinese people and Western missionaries that were clipped from publications. Most of the photographs are undated and many lack identifying information; photographic portraits which have been identified include those of: