Charles Lionel Chute papers, 1899-1913

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Series II: The Street Trades: Newsboys, Night Messengers, 1899-1912



Box 2 THE WHITE SLAVE TRAFFIC, by Orrin B. Booth. New York, Florence Crittenton Rescue League, 1899. 27 pp.

( Extension series No. 1)Cases and records of houses of prostitution, showing accounts,payments to girls, police, etc. )


Box 2 THE WHITE TRADE, SUPPLEMENT, by Orrin B. Booth. New York, Florence Crittenton Rescue League, 1899. 7 pp.

( Extension series, No. 1, Supp.) Further statistics and details of girls serving in houses of prostitution. )


Box 2 REPORTS OF AN INVESTIGATION OF THE NIGHT MESSENGER IN PHILADELPHIA, SCRANTON, WILKESBARRE, by Edward F. Brown, investigator. New York, National Child Labor Committee, November, 1910.

( 65 pp. typed manuscript (confidential). Information from boys in night messenger service; also case histories, and records of inmates of houses of prostitution. )


Box 2 REPORT OF AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE MESSENGER SERVICE IN DETROIT AND CHICAGO, by Charles L. Chute. New York, National Child Labor Committee, April, 1911.

( 14 pp. typed manuscript (confidential). Boys as young as 12 had been assigned work in "districts". A law controlling age limit was suggested. )


Box 2 THE SOCIAL EVIL AND ITS RELATION TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH, by Thomas N. Gray. In New Jersey Review of Charities and Correction, June -July, 1911 pp. 5-14., June -July, 1911

( One of a series of lectures to the public, arranged by the Public Health Committee of the Essex County Medical Society. )


Box 2 INVESTIGATION OF NIGHT MESSENGER SERVICE, Harrisburg, Pa., made by Charles L. Chute, July 22, 1912.

( 3 pp. typed. Attached is account of an interview with Postal Messenger boy, July 22, 1912 also in Harrisburg, Pa. 2 pp. typed. )


Box 2 NIGHT MESSENGER SERVICE IN PENNSYLVANIA: Report of an Investigation Made for the National Child Labor Committee, by Edward F. Brown. New York, The Committee, May, 1912.

( 47 pp. typed manuscript(confidential). Case histories of boys in night messenger service. )


Box 2 PHILADELPHIA NIGHT MESSENGERS: Investigations by Charles L. Chute, February9, 1912.

( 2 pp. typed. Attached is statement of an interview with Postal Telegraph Company, Philadelphia, Pa., February17, 1912. 1 p. typed. )


Box 2 PROTECTION FOR THE NEWSBOYS AND OTHER STREET WORKERS IN PHILADELPHIA, by Charles L. Chute. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Child Labor Association, June 5, 1912.

( 10 pp. (Leaflet No. 30)Offers a proposed ordinance relating to minors working in streets and public places. )


Box 2 COLLECTION OF 100 MOUNTED CLIPPINGS, April, 1904-July, 1913

( This collection of clippings covering the years from 1904 through 1913 gives excellent insight into the history of the campaigns for humane legislation in behalf of children employed in the backward states of Pennsylvania and West Virginia. The leading issues involved were those of securing proper working hours for children sixteen and under (not to exceed eight hours a day), of obtaining sanitary and decently healthful working conditions, and for laws designed to free children in school from night work. Many of the 13,000 children employed in 1913in the glass industry trudged home at three in the morning, then struggled to keep awake during school hours. The collection contains marvelous cartoons, "Child-Exploiting-Industry," showing the fat industrialist ruthlessly sitting a-top the monied rocks, below, the children shown are being crushed under these, as they struggle to make the pile higher. There are prints of boy coal-breakers, and glass factory boys on strike. The clippings reveal the social work attitudes of the times and refer to various labor union policies. The reporters and editorial writers of the day were frequently (and delightfully) crude while defending the "poor" industrial capitalists against the "sentimental do-gooders'" persecutions. Unfortunate amendments were added to the famous Walnut Child Labor Bill, (Pa.) which would have effectively hampered its usefulness had it gone through. Mr. Walnut worked with sincere fervor, aiding the Pennsylvania's Child Labor Association and Mr. Chute to push the bill through. We are hardly prepared, however, to read in the morning press of June 28th that "Representative Walnut, sponsor of the bill fainted when announcement was made to the House that the bill was doomed." Another quotation from the press of the day in opposition to the whole campaign, adds to our respect for the sturdy persistence the pioneers in this field maintained when the very fundamentals of thinking in this field of education must have seemed abysmal. "There are doubtless a great many children employed in our factories who ought to be in school, but many of them if compelled to go to school would be wasting their time and forming habits that might ruin their lives." Description of the Clippings by Audrey S. Chute)