This finding aid is made available for public use following the Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons designation.
This collection is arranged in nine series and several subseries.
Correspondence, memoranda, financial documents, minutes, book and lecture typescripts, printed matter, reports, press releases, news clippings, posters, architectural plans, and photographs document the activities of the New York and Washington Offices of Carnegie Endowment for International Peace from 1910 until 1954, as well as the founding, administration, and activity of the Centre Europeen (CEIP Paris Office) and the work of the Carnegie Endowment in Europe in 1911-1940. The CEIP records are most complete for the 1940-1945 period, while some documentation from the post-war period was retained by the Endowment. The collection does not include any records on grants given by the CEIP. Grant files and post-1954 materials are still with the Endowment in Washington, DC.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Records. Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Columbia University Libraries. [Box or Volume Number].
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - Centre Europeen Records. Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Columbia University Libraries. [Box Number].
Parts of collection are available on microfilm. Please consult the curator for details.
Permission to publish materials must be obtained in writing from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Curator of Carnegie Collections.
Source of acquisition--Carnegie Endowment. Method of acquisition--Gift; Date of acquisition--1953. Accession number--M-53.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, established by Andrew Carnegie in 1910, is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing cooperation between nations and promoting active international engagement by the United States. Carnegie selected 28 trustees who were leaders in American business and public life; among them were Harvard University president Charles W. Eliot; philanthropist Robert S. Brookings; former Ambassador to Great Britain Joseph H. Choate; former Secretary of State John W. Foster; former president of MIT and then-president of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching Henry S. Pritchett; and Carnegie Institution of Washington president Robert S. Woodward. He chose longtime adviser Elihu Root -Senator from New York, former Secretary of War and of State, and future Nobel Peace Prize recipient- to be the Endowment's first president. The Endowment was initially organized into three divisions: the Division of Economics and History to study the causes and impact of war, the Division of Intercourse and Education to promote international understanding and cooperation, and the Division of International Law to aid in the development of international law and dispute settlement. A European Centre and advisory board, set up in Paris as part of the Division of Intercourse and Education, was initially headed by Baron Paul d'Estournelles de Constant, founder and president of the Association for International Conciliation. The Library of the Centre Europeen was founded in 1913 in order to establish a collection of works on international law, politics, economics, government, and social science. During the interwar period, the Endowment revitalized efforts to promote international conciliation, financed reconstruction projects in Europe, supported the work of other organizations, and founded the Academy of International Law at the Hague. Endowment publications of the interwar period included the unprecedented 22-volume Classics of International Law, and the 150-volume Economic and Social History of the World War. In 1925, Nicholas Murray Butler, also a Nobel Prize recipient, succeeded Elihu Root as president of the Endowment. Over the next 20 years he promoted his vision of international cooperation in business and politics. Among his other accomplishments, he was instrumental in fashioning the Kellogg-Briand no-war pact of 1928. The activities of CEIP European Centre were almost completely suspended during the Nazi occupation of Paris. In 1954 the Centre moved to Geneva. Following World War II and Butler's retirement, the Endowment's three divisions were consolidated under the direction of President Joseph E. Johnson. John Foster Dulles led the board. For the next two decades the Endowment conducted research and public education programs on a range of issues, particularly relating to the newly created United Nations and the future of the postwar international legal system. The Endowment provided diplomatic training for some 250 foreign service officers from emerging nations and published International Conciliation, a leading journal in the field.
Gift of the Carnegie Endowment, 1953 & 1954.
Cataloged 04/17/89 CHF
Processed 1962 JAH, 2002 WS
Jennifer S. Comins converted and corrected content for EAD conversion of legacy finding aid, 9/18/2015
A detailed index of the volumes is available at https://library.columbia.edu/content/dam/libraryweb/locations/rbml/carnegie/CEIP%20Indices%20PDF.pdf.
This collection is located on-site.
Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. Contact rbml@columbia.edu for more information.
The Secretary, chief administrative officer of the Endowment, conducted the general correspondence and signed all instruments in the name of the corporation. In addition to its general administrative duties, the Secretary served as the secretary of the Board of Trustees and of the Executive Committee; edited and distributed the Endowment's Year Book (annual report); supervised the production, free distribution, and sales of most of the Endowment's publications; and oversaw the operation of the Endowment's library in its Washington office. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 (pp. 16-17.).
The Secretary's Office records (Series I) contain general correspondence files, annual report materials, trustee minutes and files, financial records, officer files and correspondence, a large collection of mostly unsolicited peace plans and proposals, publicity files, reports prepared for Trustee information, and files relating to other Carnegie organizations. Within this series, specific Endowment activities and program areas are documented by files on its depository library program, its incorporation in 1930 its library, its physical plant and offices, its publishing program, and its role in the Second Pan-American Conference.
A detailed index of the volumes is available at
(9 boxes, 133 volumes)
(1 box)
Available on microfilm (#91-2094-2). Originals not available for consultation.
Letter must be consulted on microfilm (#81-6019).
Correspondence through 1936 is indexed unless otherwise noted. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
The volumes in this subseries are indexed. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
(3 boxes)
(1 box) This subseries comprises a sample of requests for information and for literature that were received by the Endowment.
Each year the Endowment published a Yearbook containing the reports of the various divisions and financial statements for the previous year. These yearbooks were distributed gratis to the Endowment's designated depository libraries and to qualified individuals who requested copies from the Endowment.
This subseries consists mostly of typescript versions of the reports that were included in the annuals. Most of these reports were submitted by the three divisions of the Endowment, the secretary's office, the treasurer, the investment committee, and the executive and finance committees of the Board of Trustees. The files for some years also include various special reports on particular projects or activities in which the Endowment was engaged; minutes from board and executive committee meetings; the Endowment's reports to the Carnegie Corporation, which supported the Endowment financially; and photographs.
This subseries contains correspondence regarding the activities and policies of the Board of Trustees and copies of the letters, reports, publications, memoranda, resolutions, meeting agendas, and proposals sent to the trustees by the Endowment.
The material covers various issues including upcoming meetings, the selection of new trustees, the status of particular initiatives, and the organization of the Endowment and its component parts. (For the Green Cover Reports received by the Trustees see Series I.N. Reports for Trustee Information.)
On microfilm: #2002-1007 (1920-1926) and #2002-1008 (1927-1930)
on microfilm: #2002-1008 (1931-Dec 1932) and #2002-1009 (Dec 1932-1939)
The Executive Committee determined the manner in which the books and accounts of the corporation were kept and examined the accounts and vouchers of the Treasurer for moneys either received or paid out by him. This Committee submitted a written report to the Board of Trustees at each meeting of that Board and submitted an annual report at the annual meeting of the Corporation. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 pp12)
Correspondence concerns: Institute of International Relations, Dr. Chitoshi Yanaga exchange of materials, Institute of Pacific Relations, nomination of trustees.
Correspondence concerns: election to board, republican party platform, exchange of materials, Greater N.Y. Federation of Churches, Green Cover reports, Francis White.
Correspondence concerns: University of Louvain, exchange of materials.
Correspondence concerns: exchange of materials, election, Seventh Annual Scientific Congress, visit to Germany, Institute of International Relations, nominations.
Correspondence concerns: economic conditions, National Conference on International Problems and Relations, nominations, newspaper articles.
Correspondence concerns: Republican party platform, nominations, American Library Association.
Correspondence concerns: William Haas, appointment to trustees, National Option Research Centers, Atomic Energy.
Correspondence concerns: incorporation of trustees, Russian emigrants, Lord Craigmyle, illness.
Correspondence concerns: election, Disarmament Conference, Foreign Policy Associations, exchange of materials.
Correspondence concerns: Pan-American Conference, American Civic Association, criticism of Endowment's policies.
Correspondence concerns: election to trustees, American Historical Association.
Correspondence concerns: reports on various trips to Latin America and Europe, nominations, policy.
Correspondence concerns: Paris trips, Interparliamentary Union, Chinese students.
Correspondence concerns: League of Nations, peace movements, Americans of Japanese descent, death.
Correspondence concerns: executive committee, China, nomination, monument for La Place (French mathematician), Egypt, finances, Butler's European tour, world court, Institute of International Education, request for resignation, acceptance, death.
Correspondence concerns: Japanese relations, nomination, Geneva trip, Alexander Hamilton's papers.
Correspondence concerns: YMCA, Church World Service.
In Memorium certificate.
Correspondence concerns: policy, nominations.)
Correspondence concerns: elections policy, League of Women Voters.
Correspondence concerns: election.
Correspondence concerns; International Chamber of Commerce, European trip, South American trip, policy, nominations.
Correspondence concerns: Economic Policy Committee, election, appointment to Atomic Energy Commission.
(11 boxes, 2 vols)
Subseries I.E. is organized into the following subseries:
1. Accounting and Finance
2. Staff
3. Grants
This subseries includes correspondence and documents. The correspondence regards audits, ledger accounts, receipts and disbursements, general business matters, salaries, honoraria, appropriations, and allotments.
The documents include summaries of receipts and disbursements, balance statements and summaries, resolutions of the finance committee, auditor's reports, treasurer's reports, finance committee meeting agenda, finance committee meeting minutes, and schedules of securities.
This subseries contains material relating to applications for employment, retirement, salaries, notices of resignation, letters of recommendation, staff policies, sick benefits, compensation, War Labor Board, and other matters dealing with the staff in general.
See also III.B. Topical Volumes (volumes 97-98).
In its first years of operation, the Endowment made grants (often referred to as subventions) in support of institutions and initiatives working for peace. Soon after World War I, the Trustees decided to devote all of the Endowment's resources to undertakings that they would initiate. An inevitable result of this decision was the gradual reduction and eventual termination of grants to other organizations.
This is a sampling file in chronological order covering the years 1912-1949. The file comprises requests for grants from various organizations and individuals and the Endowment's answers to these requests. Most of the requests made were not supported. The records documenting the Endowment's support of certain organizations can be found in Series VI. Organizations and Series VII. Projects. Other requests for support are filed in Series III.B. Topical volumes (volumes 99-119).
It was decided by the trustees of the Endowment that it was propitious to secure a legal incorporation of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in order to give the trust stability, permanence, and well-established forms of legal supervision. The Incorporation became law on February 20, 1929.
After the passage of this bill several trustees felt the need for the passage of a short supplementary act to cover the point that the stipulations of Mr. Carnegie in his original letter of gift to the unincorporated trustees should not in anyway be subject to alteration by reason of the charter powers of the incorporated. This bill became law on February 4, 1930. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941.)
This subseries includes correspondence between the law office of Worcester Williams & Saxe, and Butler concerning the progress of the construction of the bill for incorporation, letters to and from Butler concerning the progress of the bill in the New York Legislature, correspondence between trustees concerning the creation of a new act to specify the transference of Carnegie's funds to the new corporation, copies of both the bill of 1929 and the bill of 1930 and copies of the minutes of the trustee meeting on February10, 1930.
The General Library of the Endowment was maintained as part of the Washington office under the supervision of the Secretary. It contained 64,000 volumes. An annual appropriation was made for accessions. The Library was catalogued according to the Library of Congress system. Its major subjects were the peace movement, international law and policy, international, American and European history and diplomacy, and political science.
A chronicle of International events was composed daily from newspaper, periodicals, and other documents. This chronicle was a ready source of information concerning any event of importance happening anywhere bearing on international relations. Bibliographies on subjects of current interest in the field of international relations were compiled in the Library and supplied to regular mailing lists. Bibliographic and other information was also supplied by mail and the telephone. The Library was open for free use by properly interested persons. Inter-Library loans with the Library of Congress and other important libraries were arranged. Permanent reading permits were issued to regular patrons. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 p17.)
This subseries contains correspondence regarding donations and acceptances of books, book orders, personnel, bibliographical information, biographical information, library policy, publications of the Endowment, the UN, and the League of Nations, the Slip Orientation program; it also includes reports, articles, charts, and clippings. (For materials from the library see Series VIII. CEIP Library.)
This subseries contains correspondence, memoranda, speeches, articles, proposals, contracts, and Shotwell's diary for 1929. The material documents Shotwell's activities as an officer of the Endowment, but also reflect his engagement with other organizations and initiatives. (Material documenting Shotwell's work for the Endowment can be found throughout the Endowment's records, especially Series II. Division of Economics and History, and in two other collections held by the Rare Book and Manuscript Library: CEIP, Centre Européen Records and the James Shotwell Papers.)
Hiss's files include correspondence with various individuals and organizations, including the Twentieth Century Fund, American Friends Service Committee, Current Bibliography, Foreign Policy Association, Carnegie Corporation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, The United States State Department, and Council on Foreign Relations. The correspondence deals mainly with United States government policy, the United Nations, and requests for grants. The files also contain press releases, invitations, and clippings.
re Atomic Energy Committee, National Farm Institute
(3 boxes)
(1 box)
These files include personal notes, speeches, manuscripts, and inter-office correspondence concerning the United Nations, Paris Office, Geneva Research Center, and Endowment policy.
See also Series III.C. European Centre.
(3 boxes)
These files inlcude correspondence regarding the Divisions of Economics and History and International Law and publications, as well as inter-office memoranda, manuscripts of speeches and addresses, and booklets.
(14 folders)
The Carnegie Corporation of New York was established by Andrew Carnegie in 1911. According to its charter, the Corporation was established "for the purpose of receiving and maintaining a fund or funds and applying the income thereof to promote the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding among the people of the United States, by aiding technical schools, institutions of higher learning, libraries, scientific research, hero funds, useful publications, and by such other agencies and means as shall from time to time be found appropriate therefore." The first two president's of the Endowment, Root and Butler, were long-time Trustees of the Corporation and the Endowment received many grants from the Corporation especially in its early years. (For more about the relationship between the two organizations see Review of Grants to CEIP by Robert M. Lester. NY: CCNY, 1933.)
The correspondence in this subseries addresses the restoration of the Imperial University Library in Japan, the Pacific Institute, the publication of Chapman's book about Cuba, committee meetings, the Institute of International Law, the international conciliation document, the situation in the Balkans, scholarships, aid to Greece, World Conference on Work for the Blind, The American Farm School, Andrew Carnegie Centenary Celebration, and trustee election.
Andrew Carnegie founded he Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching in 1905 and dedicated the Foundation to "to do all things necessary to encourage, uphold and dignify the profession of teaching." Chartered by an act of Congress in 1906, the Foundation is a major national and international center for research and policy studies about teaching.
Nicholas Murray Butler was one of the founding Trustees of CFAT. The correspondence, reports, minutes, and printed material in in this suberies are a result of his work as a trustee and member of its executive and finance committees.
(1 box)
Between the years of 1912 and 1939 a number of peace proposals were submitted to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace by individuals and organizations for support by the Endowment. Many of these were submitted in the form of manuscripts for publication. Likewise, between the years 1940 and 1948 postwar plans were submitted, again for support by the Endowment. The manuscripts and printed material in this subseries include pamphlets, reports, poems, and music.
This subseries includes correspondence, manuscripts, outlines, proposals, comments and critiques, proofs, research materials, drafts, news releases, pamphlets, copyright notices, contracts, and reviews.
The files in this subseries contain CEIP requests for articles to be written; articles submitted to CEIP; requests to CEIP for support for the writing, research, or distribution of a book or article; contracts with authors of unpublished material; speeches requested by CEIP; and miscellaneous reports and manuscripts that were not necessarily meant for publication.
The publicity for the Carnegie Endowment was handled first by Edward Marshall and then by the Phoenix News Publicity Bureau. Newspaper and magazine articles about or relating to the Endowment's work were collected by the Remeike Newsclipping Service of New York. The Phoenix publicity service reports in these files list these articles.
Green cover reports. These usually confidential reports comprise correspondence, memoranda, clippings, and reports that were retyped for distribution to the trustees. Reports with no specific title or which contain several different items covering various issues are filed chronologically; reports with a named author or title are filed alphabetically. The dates listed are those on which the reports were sent to the Trustees. The "Reports received by the Division of Intercourse and Education" are usually compilations of several reports, and May contain Special Correspondent's reports. Otherwise, Special Correspondent reports are filed under the correspondent's name. See also III.B. Topical volumes. Reports of Special Correspondents and III.C.3 Representatives and Associated Personnel of the Eurpean Centre.
(31 vols)
The Division of Economics and History was established at a conference in Berne, Switzerland called by the Endowment in August 1911. John Bates Clark, the Division's first director, led the conference. The participants considered the best methods "to promote a thorough and scientific investigation of the causes and the results of war." The conference resulted in a plan of investigation and an extensive list of topics for study. The aim of the studies was to reveal direct and indirect consequences of warfare.
The Berne participants, plus two additional members, formed a Committee of Research, the function of which was to select authors, to consult with these writers during the research and writing process, to read completed manuscripts, and to recommend worthy studies to the Endowment for publication. After the outbreak of World War I, the Division was forced to alter its program. The Division commissioned a series of studies dealing with topics of immediate importance in connection with the war.
In 1919 James Shotwell became General Editor of the proposed Economic and Social History of the World War. The Committee of Research was dissolved in September 1919 and was replaced by national Editorial Committees. In 1924 Shotwell was appointed Director of the Division. Soon after, the Economic and Social History of the World War series was brought to a conclusion, comprising about 150 volumes, and the Division shifted its focus from the study of war to the study of peace. During the second half of the 1920s the Division's publications included a series on the Paris Peace Conference, studies on Canadian-American relation (conferences on which the Division also organized), and several monographs on the contribution of economic competition to political conflict. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work (Washington DC: CEIP, 1941), pp. 46-51.)
Files relating the Division's collaboration with other organizations and participation in specific projects can be found in Series VI and VII. Copies of some of the Division's publications can be found in Series VIII.
This series is indexed. (Indices are available in RBML.
Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
Series II. is organized into the following subseries:
A. General correspondence
B. Economic and Social History of the World War
(20 vols) disbound and in archival boxes (MsB)
(Disbound and housed in archival box)
(11 vols)
(82 boxes, 218 volumes)
The Division of Intercourse and Education was established on March9, 1911 in order to: (1) diffuse information and educate public opinion regarding the causes, natures, and effects of war, and means for its prevention and avoidance; (2) cultivate friendly feelings between the inhabitants of different countries and increase their knowledge and understanding of each other; and (3) maintain, promote and assist such establishments, organizations, associations, and agencies that are useful in the accomplishment of the purposes of the corporation.
The original intention was to carry out as much of the work of the Division as possible through organizations already in existence or established for particular purposes. To this end, the Endowment entirely supported the American Association for International Conciliation from 1910 until 1924 when it was dissolved and its activities taken up by the Division. The Division made other substantial subventions (grants) to the American Peace Society, the Bureau International Permanent de la Paix at Berne, l'Office Central des Associations Internationales at Brussels, and various periodicals in the international field.
After World War I, the Division made several grants toward reconstruction efforts in Europe, including the restorations of the library of the Royal University of Belgrade, the municipal library at Reims, the library of the University of Louvain, and the official buildings of the Commune of Fargniers in the Department of Aisne. Early in the post-war period, however, the Trustees decided to apply all of the Endowment's resources to its own program of work. The Division's grant-making activities were gradually reduced and eventually discontinued.
To inform public opinion and promote international understanding, the Division published and distributed literature, cooperated with libraries and educational institutions in many countries, worked with students, conducted a program of adult education, collaborated in the organization of international conferences, and sponsored the international visits of statesmen and professors.
Specifically, the Division published the monthly International Conciliation; collaborated with the Vatican Library in cataloging its manuscripts, incunabula, and printed books; established International Mind Alcoves in public libraries in small communities throughout the United States; and sponsored International Relations Clubs of students throughout the world to which it sent books and pamphlets to incite and inform discussion. (For files on these projects and others see VII. Projects .
The Division maintained offices in Paris (the European Centre, see Series III.C. and the CEIP European Centre Records held in RBML for more) and London (see III.D.) (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 pp18-28.)
The records of the Division consist of general correspondence (1910-1934); topical volumes (1910-1940), which comprise records of the Division that were bound by Endowment staff into volumes covering general categories; the Division's office files on the European Centre, London office, and Geneva Research Center; and the manuscripts of the lectures sponsored by the European Centre (the Cours).
Series III. is organized into the following subseries:
A. General correspondence
B. Topical volumes
C. European Centre
D. London Office
The volumes in this subseries are indexed. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
Material related to the topics covered by these volumes May be found throughout the collection. See especially Series III.C., III.D., V., VI., and VII.
These volumes are not indexed unless noted.
See also Series I.N. Reports for Trustees under correspondents' names and III.C.3 Representatives and Associated Personnel.
(See also volumes 224 and 225)
An office of the Division of Intercourse and Education was established in Paris in 1912 with an Advisory Council composed of representative and distinguished statesmen and public leaders of Europe and Asia (Dotation Carnegie pour la Paix Internationale-Centre Européen). An Executive Committee that was in charge of carrying out the work of the Division abroad was appointed from the Advisory Council. Baron d'Estournelles de Constant was President of the Advisory Council from its formation until his death in 1924.
Four Special Correspondents were appointed (nationals of Austria, England, Germany, and Japan) to keep the Division's director informed regarding international policies and international conduct relating to their respective countries. After World War I, the Advisory Council was reconstituted to include members from additional countries, and the number of Special Correspondents was increased to seven.
The European Center was reorganized again in 1925 when it's administration was placed in charge of an American Directeur-Adjoint, with the advice of a consultative committee formed of members from various European countries. On June 1, 1939 this committee was dissolved, while the Directeur-Adjoint remained in charge.
The Centre Européen actively participated in the work of the International Studies Conference, for which the Directeur-Adjoint served as executive chairman and the Institute of Intellectual Cooperation in Paris provided the secretariat. The European Centre also supported in part the Geneva Research Centre. (Source: Summary of Organization and Work, 1911-1941 (Washington DC: CEIP, 1941), pages 26-8.)
These are the files on the European Centre kept by the Washington and New York offices. For the records of the European Centre (the Paris Office Files) and a full description of the European Centre's activities see CEIP Centre Européen Records also at the RBML.
Correspondence concerns formation of the Advisory Council, invitations to join the Advisory Council, France-Amerique Society, and administration of the Paris office, including finances, rentals, and purchases.
Correspondence concerns lectures, meetings of the Comité du Centre Européen, Professorships, Chaire Carnegie, the Library of the Centre Européen, conferences, International Studies Conference, International Trade Conference, International Consultive Group, and the death of Earle B. Babcock.
Correspondence concerns the formation of an advisory council in Great Britain, International Peace Campaign, YMCA, Comité meetings, International Student Service, visiting American professors, International People's College, wartime financing of Paris office, protection of Endowment property during the war.
Correspondence concerns postwar reconstruction (Reims and Louvain), finances of Paris Office, closing of Paris office, French versions of Special Correspondent's reports.
This subseries consists the Endowment's correspondence with members of the Advisory Council, Comité, and the Special Correspondents. It also includes some special correspondents' reports.
For special correspondent's reports, see also I.N. and III.B. Topical Volumes. Reports.
The Geneva Research Center, partially supported by the European Centre, was under the administration of an international governing board and afforded opportunities to young scholars for work on special subjects. The Center also carried on inquiries for the International Studies Conference and other international organizations for scientific study, published a series of Geneva Studies on selected subjects, and issued a monthly Information Bulletin on developments and events as seen from Geneva on activities of the League of Nations and the International Labor Organization. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 p28.)
From 1926 through 1939 in collaboration with the Institut des Hautes Études Internationales and under the auspices of the Faculty of Law in the University of Paris, the Centre Européen conducted courses of lectures on international organization and relations. Starting in 1928 the Centre offered a considerable number of shorter courses in which cooperation was obtained from various faculties of schools in Paris. The lectures were published and distributed to libraries in Europe and the United States.
This subseries consists of the typescripts and page proofs of these lectures.
In 1936 an Advisory Council was created to bring the work of the Endowment into closer contact with individuals and institutions in Great Britain with aims similar to those of the Endowment. The London Office, organized under the general supervision of the Directeur-Adjoint in Paris, was guided by this Council. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 p28.)
The Trustees of the Endowment formed the Division of International Law to: (1) to aid in the development of international law and its acceptance among nations; (2) establish a better understanding of international rights and duties and a sense of international justice among the countries throughout the world; and (3) promote a general acceptance of peaceable methods in the settlement of international disputes.
The Division devoted its efforts in three principal areas: facilitating the study and improving the teaching of international law and related subjects; furthering the development of international law and restating its rules in a more unified and systematic way; and improving the documentation of international law through a publication program resulting in the production of some 200 volumes.
The Division helped found and support an Academy of International Law, which opened in 1923 provided financial and administrative support to six conferences of teachers of international law between 1914 and 1941 sponsored a series of eight summer sessions on international law to which it invited teachers from smaller colleges and prospective teachers who expected to begin their academic careers in small colleges; and awarded a series of fellowships in international law for the purpose of increasing the number of qualified scholars in the field.
Soon after its formation, the Division of International Law entered into a cooperative arrangement with the Institut de Droit International. Through this arrangement the Institut created an advisory committee to counsel the Division, and in turn, the Institut for many years received financial assistance from the Endowment to encourage attendance at its sessions and aid in the publication of Annuaires. The Division also helped establish the American Institute of International Law in 1915 cooperated with and supported Harvard Research in International Law; financially assisted other societies of international law including the Grotius Society of London, the Société de Législation Comparée of Paris, the Association Yougoslave de Droit International of Belgrade, the Istituto Italiano di Diritto Internazionale of Rome, and the International Law Association; cooperated with governmental and non-governmental organizations including the Department of State of the U.S, the Neutrality Board of the United States, the Pan American Union, the Advisory Board of Jurists at the Hague, the Inter-American Commission of Jurists created by the International Conferences of American States, and the Permanent Court of International Justice; and lent technical and other specialized assistance to the work of several assemblies and conferences, including the American Commission to Negotiate Peace at Paris (1919), the Washington Conference on the Limitation of Armament (1921-1922), and several of the Pan American Scientific Congresses.
The Division gave financial assistance to several international law books and journals by purchasing copies and distributing them to libraries and other interested institutions. The Division also had its own extensive publication program issuing collections of international documents, reports of tribunals, treatises, pamphlets and monographs on particular topics, and the series the "Classics of International Law," the publication of which the Endowment took over from the Carnegie Institution. (Source: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Summary of Organization and Work. Washington DC: CEIP, 1941 pp31-45.)
The volumes for 1910-1935 are indexed unless otherwise noted. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
The volumes in this subseries are indexed. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
( 2 vols)
Dates represent academic years. The volumes in this subseries are indexed. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.)
(1 box, 2 volumes)
The fellowships file includes summaries of applications for the years 1935-1936 and 1936-1937.
(3 folders)
The volumes in this subseries are indexed. (Indices are available in RBML. Electronic versions of the indices are in preparation.) )
This series comprises the Endowment's files on the national and international conferences and institutes in which it participated or maintained an interest, as well as those it organized or funded. The files reflect the work of all three divisions and the secretary's office of the Endowment.
See also: University of Michigan. Seventh Summer Session.
The Endowment was invited by the Secretary of State to send representatives to serve as consultants to the American delegation at the United Nations Conference on International Organization held at San Francisco, April 25-June 26, 1945 at which the Charter of the United Nations was drafted and signed.
See also: Michigan Law Conference (this series) and Series VI. Organizations. Summer sessions (box 263.4)
The Endowment cooperated with many organizations (governmental and non-governmental, national and international) to foster greater and more pervasive understanding of international relations and to increase support for international laws, cooperation, and accommodation.
These files represent the work of all three divisions and the secretary's office of the Endowment. They consist of correspondence, memoranda, minutes, agenda, press releases, pamphlets, periodicals, and other publications.
See also Series III.B. Topical volumes.
This file includes material regarding a statement of foreign policy issued by Commission to Study the Organization of Peace, the AFL National Post War Forum in NYC, the Dumbarton Oaks Proposal, and the magazine article "Building a Lasting Peace" by James T. Shotwell.
Includes personal reports on political situation in and around Germany.
The APS had as its purpose the advance of the general use of conciliation, arbitration, judicial methods, and other peaceful means of avoiding and adjusting differences among nations. The file includes the publications "Pan Americana", "The New Panamericana", as well as the Pan American Peace Conference manuscript by Jame M. Yepes and a Statement on Dumbarton Oaks Proposal by Butler.
ARF was a voluntary organization whose purpose was to raise funds for French rehabilitation and promote American-French friendship through cultural exchanges, libraries, and other means. Correspondence in these files deals mainly with appointment of the Associate Director of CEIP to the Board of Directors of ARF, Canteen Centers in Relief Areas, fund raising, meeting announcements and minutes, planning for a hospital in Saint-Lo, France, and copies of the bulletin "American Aid to France."
This file includes correspondence regarding the Second World Youth Conference, British and American Students Conference on International Affairs, Sixth Annual British and Dominions Conferences, Federation Universitaire International pour la SDN, Confederation Internationale des Etudiants, Intercollegiate Disarmament Council, National Student Federation of the USA, International Student Hospitality Association, and the Geneva School of International Studies.
This file includes correspondence regarding plans for post-war reconstruction with the following organizations: Institute of Sociology, International Cooperative Women's Guild, Associated Country Women of the World, International Shipping Conference, International Bureau of Education, International Cooperative Alliance, Inter-federation of Trade Unions, International Federation of University Women, Alliance Universelle Pour L'Amite, Internationale par les Eglise, World Power Conference, and London International Assembly.
Directed by Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
Includes correspondence regarding the U.S. government, Miss Florence Wilson (League of Nations librarian), the exploratory conference on the experience of the League of Nations Secretariat, the cataloging system of C.E. Walton (1930). The files also include reports and meeting agendas, Budget Study of the United Nations (1947) meeting reports, newspaper clippings, and material relating to the United Nations Economic, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (1947), the National Conference on the United Nations (January 4. 1949), the Interim Commission on Food and Agriculture (1943-1945), the Ship Orientation Program (1946), the United Nations Commission on Human Rights (1947), the United Nations Information Offices, the Ad Hoc Committee on Consultative Non-Government Organizations (1948), and the Interim Committee of Consultative Non-Government Organizations.
The League of Nations Association distributed informational material and operated high school essay contests and model assembly programs. These files include meeting notices and minutes, reports, memoranda on foreign policy questions, policy statements, copies of speeches, press releases, and itineraries of various speakers. The files also contain several publications, including "A Short History of the League of Nations", "The Powers of Congress in the Governing of Foreign Affairs" by Smith Simpson, "The Farmer's Stake in World Peace" by Donald Blaisdell, and "International Relations for Secondary Schools" by Hilda M. Watters.
This series represents the files on the projects that were inititated, suported, and contributed to by all three divisions of the Endowment and its secretary's office.
See also Series III.B. Topical volumes.
The Academy of International Law was installed in 1923 in the Hague Peace Palace donated by Carnegie in 1913. From 1923 to 1939 the Academy was held for two months every summer. The average annual attendance exceeded three hundred.The over six thousand students who attended represented sixty-two nationalities. The attendees included students, teachers, diplomats, and specialists in international affairs. A number of them went on scholarships offered by their governments. Some two hundred authorities (from forty different countries) on many different aspects of international law delivered the lectures. These lectures, comprising 363 courses, have been printed in 66 volumes and published under the title "Recueil des Cours".
This correspondence deals with various functions undertaken jointly by the Academy and the Division of Intercourse and Education. These functions were designed to promote friendship between the American, English, French and Italian peoples through the medium of commemorating the births of great figures in world literature.
To fill the need for books and magazines among the soldiers, the American Library Association established the American Library in Paris. This wartime venture was so successful that in 1919 the American residents took over the small collection to start a library of their own. The library was incorporated according to the laws of the State of Delaware as a non-profit organization on May 20, 1920. The American Library Association established an endowment fund of $25,000 for the library. The re-organization of the library in 1946 was aided by funds contributed by the Carnegie Endowment.
Over the years the Endowment instigated and sponsored Armistice Day Programs throughout the United States. The emphasis was on mass meetings with well-known speakers to advocate peace. At the end of the 1930s much of the Endowments effort in these programs went towards sponsoring nation and world-wide radio programs.
On December 10, 1945 the Trustees of the Endowment appointed a Committee on Atomic Energy consisting of some forty physical scientists, industrial engineers, political scientists, and trustees of the Endowment to study the possibility of the control of atomic energy as a weapon of destruction and the economic and social adjustments which May be required due to its discovery. Dr. James T. Shotwell was Chairman of the Committee. Five subcommittees were formed to deal with special problems. The Committee held five full meetings during 1945 and 1946.
In December 1933 the Director of the Division of Economics and History, James Shotwell, laid before the Trustees a porposed a study of Canadian-American relations; the Trustees approved the proposed study and gave Shotwell $10,000 that had been received from the Carnegie Corporation for the project. In 1935 the Division began the publication of the Canadian-American studies. 25 works were published. The Division also held 4 biennial conferences on Canadian-American Relations: June 1935; June 1937; June 1939; and June 1941.
The name Chautauqua is taken from Chautauqua, New York, the place where Chautauqua Assembly, a name later changed to Chautauqua Institution was organized in 1874. The Institution conducted a series of lectures of entertainment, covering a period of several days or weeks, usually during the vacation or holiday season. The Chautauqua movement spread throughout the U.S.: there were more than 3,000 local organizations of this nature by 1915. The annual attendance at Chautauqua, New York, alone, included 3,500 students.
Correspondence concerns the lecturers and their topics.
The Commission was an outgrowth of the American peace movement, owing its origin to the need for coordination of effort . The effort to coordinate the various elementsof the American peace movement into one great federal union in the National Peace Conference had failed to produce agreement on more than one major issue because of the difference of opinion on the question of pacifism. The Commission proposed to proceed by a wholly different line than that of a direct attack upon war itself. It concentrated rather upon the creation of adequate substitutes for war and the strengthening of the institutions of justice and fair dealing in international affairs. The Endowment helped support the Commission's publication and distribution programs and maintain the regional commissions.
Late in 1938 the Committee was formed in response to the urgent requests from organizations and individuals both in the United States and in Europe. The aim of the American Committee was to raise funds for the immediate relief of distress and the resettlement of refugees of all nationalities from the Sudetan area. Special contact was made with Jan Masaryk who came to the United States to speak for his country as a private individual. The Carnegie Endowment provided $6,000 for administrative expenses so that every dollar contributed would be expended to relieve suffering.
These files include correspondece regarding the study of relief needs, publicity material, concerning the Masaryk Institute, the American and Czech Red Cross, refugees, and the Czech Church. Other material includes press release, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, reports, statistical information, and curriculum vitae of Czech individuals.
The Committee on International Economic Policy grew out of a long-standing association between the International Chamber of Commerce and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. The Copenhagen Congress of the International Chamber held in June 1939 created a Committee for International Economic Reconstruction under the chairmanship of Mr. Thomas J. Watson who, in June 1944 took the initiative in forming the Committee on International Economic Policy in order to carry out the research plans of the International Committee under the new conditions created by World War II. The Committee's form and purposes were the subject of agreement between the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the International Chamber of Commerce. The Committee thus formed, under the chairmanship of Winthrop W. Aldrich, consisted of a group of United States citizens, drawn mainly from business and educational circles. It worked closely with such bodies as the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, the National Foreign Trade Council,and the United States Associates of the International Chamber.
The film "Made in the USA" was produced under the auspices of the Committee on International Economic Policy in cooperation with the Endowment. It was made available to the International Relations Centers and other groups. A short film, it depicted the dependence of the US on other parts of the world for raw materials required in the manufacturing of a product deemed essential to the American way of life.
One of the goals of the Division of Intercourse and Education was to help familiarize the people of the Americas with each other. In 1917 the Division established the review "Inter-America" that published English translations of articles from Spanish and Portuguese periodicals and Spanish translations of articles from American sources. The Division also sent a fortnightly summary of international events in Spanish (compiled originally only for the International Relations Clubs in Spanish-speaking countries) to over twelve hundred editors, teachers, lawyers, government officials, and librarians who requested it. In 1931 the Division cooperated with the Instituto Cultural Argentino-Norteamericano, which was organized in 1927 by Argentine citizens for the purpose of promoting understanding and contacts between the people of Argentina and the people of the United States.
These files include correspondence regarding general administration of Latin-American Affairs, financing, publications, scholastic aid, general policy, and meetings of various conferences and organizations; they also contain photographs, printed materials, and mimeographed matter.
Material in these files includes manuscripts, interoffice memoranda, reports on the USSR and the United Nations, and letters and reports of International Relations Clubs dating from when the clubs were under the auspices of the American Association for International Conciliation.
To increase the material on international relations available to the American reading public the Endowment established International Mind Alcoves in selected American libraries in 1922. Alcoves were established in selected public libraries in small communities throughout the United States and in a number of State libraries. Each Alcove was sent a collection of books on international relations four times a year, until a total of approximately one hundred volumes had been distributed, at which time the library was dropped from the list and another added. The Endowment discontinued the systematic distribution of books to the International Mind Alcoves in 1948.
These files on International Relations Centers are composed primarily of the reports sent to the Endowment by the various regional centers of peace organizations. These reports are summaries of the individual projects that were undertaken and developed through the different centers. The files also contain correspondence, photographs, pamphlets, mimeographed matter, radio scripts, and leaflets.
The International Relations Clubs were groups of students organized under the auspices of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in universities, colleges, and normal schools for the study of international relations. Two publications were issued by the Endowment for the IRC's: "The Fortnightly Summary of International Events" and a Spanish edition called the "Resumen. "
In January 1932 there were 384 active International Relations Clubs. There were clubs in every state of the Union, in the Philippines, and in Puerto Rico, and clubs in China, Japan, Iran, Australia, New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa, Canada, the British Isles, and Latin America. By 1947 there were 842 college clubs alone, offering guidance to approximately 25,000 to 30,000 students in international relations.
The Carnegie Endowment made the initial contribution of $100,000 to the fund for the reconstruction of the Library of the University of Louvain, which was destroyed in World War I. The reconstuction was completed, but the structure was subsequently destroyed in the Second World War.
These files include correspondence and reports dealing with Endowment activities in the Orient and correspondence from individuals in the Orient informing CEIP of their activities.
During the summer of 1915 courses in international affairs and relations were offered at forty-two universities, twenty colleges, and sixteen normal schools in the United States. The Endowment supported many of these programs.
The Endowment cooperated with the Vatican Library to catalog and classify its manuscripts, incunabula, and printed books. After a general survey of this project had been made and a plan of re-organization outlined by United States librarians in consultation with Vatican authorities, several members of the staff of the Vatican Library spent time in the United States to become familiar with modern methods of library science.
The files include letters and detailed reports of Dr. William Bishop, Cardinal Tisserant, Cardinal Gasquet, Cardinal Mercadi, and Cardinal Ambraeda, as well as general correspondence.
The Division of Intercourse and Education appointed distinguished scholars to visit and to lecture at educational institutions in a country or countries other than their own as representatives of the Endowment. The purpose of the visits was to strengthen the bonds of intellectual and scholarly understanding and friendship between the various countries. No formal program was prescribed by the Endowment; the actual plans for the professorship were, in most cases, made by correspondence directly between the visitors and the authorities of the institutions he visited.See also Series I.N. Green cover reports (Box 105) for Visiting professors' reports.
An asterik denotes the presence of the report on the individual's visit.
This series comprises an assortment of boooks, pamphlets, periodicals, and typescript reports that were kept in the Endowmen's Library. It includes publications that were sent to the Endowment and kept as reference material, as well as Endowment publications. Printed material can be found througout the other series of the records. This series does not represent the entire CEIP library. For more information on the CEIP library see I.G.