This series is divided into two subseries, Cataloged Correspondence and General Correspondence.

This series contains the papers of Frank Altschul's parents, Charles and Camilla Altschul. Though his family was American, Charles was born in England and studied Germany, and he retained a strong interest in European politics and history throughout his life. His papers contain research notes, annotated subject files and correspondence on many topics, including European economics, social issues such as health care and birth control, and research on foreign language publications in the United States. Several files hold correspondence and articles written in response to his writings, including his monograph "The American Revolution in Our School Textbooks" and articles on war debt and war guilt after World War I. The series also holds correspondence between Charles Altschul and his cousin, Dr. Paul Hammerschlag of Vienna. The series contains smaller amounts of information on other members of the Altschul family, such a family tree, a marriage scrapbook for Frank Altschul's uncle and aunt, William and Rosita Altschul, Rosita's diary, and an art history notebook kept by Maria Altschul. Information on Camilla is limited to condolences upon her death in 1952.

This series contains material relating to Frank Altschul's many speeches, letters to editors, editorials, book reviews, essays, and articles. Most files contain a draft or copy of the finished piece, as well as notes and related correspondence and articles. There are also several files concerning the publication of "A Catalogue of the Altschul Collection of George Meredith in the Yale University Library" and biographical articles about Altschul. Files have been divided by document type and further arranged alphabetically by title. The series also holds a small number of speech drafts by Altschul's acquaintances, including Raymond Buell, Arther L. Goodhart, and playwright Clare Boothe Luce, which can be found under the heading "Writings by Others."

This series is comprised of two subseries, Subject Files and Political Files

This series contains a collection of article reprints, fliers, brochures, and ephemera relating to Altschul's many interests, particularly social and political issues such as patriotism, Communism, human rights, and education. Some represent the views of individuals, while others were printed by organizations such as the Friends of Democracy and the Foreign Policy Association. Documents are filed alphabetically by author or organization name and occasionally by subject. This series also holds one box of sampled clippings from Altschul's clipping file, representing the type of material he collected from major newspapers.

This series holds photographs of Frank Altschul, his wife Helen, and his parents Charles and Camilla Altschul. It also contains images of Altschul's estate, Overbrook Farm, in Stamford, Connecticut, the Altschul Auditorium at Columbia University, and buildings at the New School for Social Research, which Altschul helped fund.

This small series contains Altschul's attorney certificates.

This series documents Altschul's involvement in social clubs and advocacy groups, including the American Jewish Committee, the Council for Foreign Relations, the National Committee for a Free Europe, and various committees at Yale University, among many others. Files for the Council for Foreign Relations are particularly extensive, containing correspondence, administrative records, budget information, and discussion notes and minutes from the organization's study groups. Files are arranged alphabetically by organization name and further organized by topic or document type.