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Series consists of primarily correspondence, memoranda, embassy records, speeches, notes of conversation and other related documents of Wellington Koo as the Ambassador to France and the Chinese Delegate to the League of Nations, dating from 1932 to 1941. Materials in the series emphasize on the political, social, and economic condition in China and the world before and during the Sino-Japanese War and World War II. The files also cover China's foreign relations with other countries and international relations prior to World War II. Files may also contain materials related to Series III: League of Nations, 1929-1940.

Series comprises primarily correspondence, photographs, immigration and visa documents, diaries, articles, writings, bonds, caricatures, and so on related to T.C. Hsu and his family, dating from circa 1904 to 2012. The correspondence include family letters, photographs and documents related to his siblings, business letters, and letters between T.C. Hsu and his colleagues and friends. The immigration and visas files document his migration from Hong Kong to the United States during the 1950s, his passports, his visas applications to travel to China in the 1970s, and the permanent residence applications for his siblings. The two volumes of Singloh Hsu (徐新六) diaries document his career as a banker between 1936 and 1938. The five volumes of T.C. Hsu diaries dated between 1943 and 1964. The photographs are primarily portraits of T.C. Hsu and his family, dating from 1930s to 1940s; the photographs also depict T.C. Hsu's activities and travels, dating from circa 1960s to 2006. Other documents in the series include address book, bookmark, articles, calligraphy writing, caricature, fortune telling, financial bonds, etc. collected by T.C. Hsu. The materials document T.C. Hsu's life and his experience as an employee working for an international company and his migration experience from China to the United States during the 1950s.

This series contains clippings and publications related to the Daniels' work in China. The bulk of this material is from the 1930s and 40s, and includes a number of documents relating to the Nanking Massacre of 1937. Two local publications, The Nanking Bulletin of Church and Community and its continuation, Notes and Notices of the Nanking Union Church and Community, are represented here by a very comprehensive collection of issues. The 1949 Nanking Bulletin directory offers a unique glimpse into the foreign community of the Chinese capital only months before the establishment of the People's Republic, and the subsequent exodus of most of the Christian missionaries and Western diplomats.

Documents, notes, newspaper clippings, and reports related to the socio-political, military affairs, territorial changes, and economic situations in the Northeastern Region dating from 1943 to 1948. Series also include documents and reports on foreign relations such as a printed copy of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance signed in 1945, the Statement of Appreciation issued in 1946, and one volume of "A Report of the Military Mission of the Republic of China on Negotiations with Soviet Military Authorities for the Withdrawal of Soviet Troops from the Northeastern Provinces" describing the daily proceedings of meetings and negotiations between the two countries from October 1945 to June 1946.

Paul Chih Meng (孟治, 1901-1990) headed the China Institute between 1930 and 1967 and directed the Institute's various sets of developments, in particular, the educational aspect of the work such as scholarship and teaching services. Meng's prolific portfolio of writings on the topics of literature and arts, international politics and diplomacy, formulation of cultural identities is documented through Sub-Series VII.1. Sub-Series VII.2 collects correspondences from 1930s and 40s, and from post-retirement years between 1967 and 1975. Additional correspondences from the in-between years are possibly integrated in the general program operations files. Sub-Series VII.3 consists of the Institute's Executive Committee meeting minutes from the years of Meng's directorship.

Series I details the general program files resulting from China Institute's decades of operations. Tracing as early as 1931, five years after the Institute's founding, the bulk of the files includes correspondences, reports, and meeting minutes. The files have been grouped chronologically by decade. Sub-Series I.1 consists of important correspondences that shed light on the Institute's work as a recently established organization. The batch of alphabetically-organized correspondences from between 1933 and 1934 indicate a gap of missing files to be identified. Sub-Series I.2 includes files from the late 1930s to 1940s and highlight a group of correspondences in Chinese that may advise inter-continental exchanges following the end of WWII. Sub-Series I.3 consists of select files from the 1950s.

The chronological arrangement of this series follows the order in which the original binders were serialized. The photographs, negatives, and printouts reproducing scanned images were transferred to folders but generally kept in the plastic sheets in which they came unless these had been damaged or were deemed unsuitable. Inserted among some of the photographs are correspondence, notes, and print matter. The photographs range from personal, family souvenirs to events related to Rosset's professional life as publisher where many famous literati can be seen. The series notably includes photographs Rosset took in China during World War II. As a result of the original arrangement and its labels given by Rosset, some of the folder titles are identical, but their contents are not necessarily duplicates.

This series contains material connected to Brown's interest in and work on his collection of bronze Nestorian crosses collected from the northwest of China. His article on the subject was published as "The Romance of Nestorian Crosses" in the February 1933 issue of the Chinese Recorder. Material includes background research, correspondence with other scholars and missionaries, and draft notes on the subject. Folders 1-2 contain a series of black and white photographs of Brown's collection of crosses, six of which were reproduced as plates to accompany his published article. Bishop William C. White of the Canadian Anglican Church argued in the April and June 1930 issues of the Chinese Recorder that these were actually not Nestorian crosses, but rather protective amulets connected to Tang and Song Dynasty indigenous religion.

This series is comprised of manuscripts for short stories, plays, essays, and speeches by Pearl S. Buck on a broad range of topics. Writings within the collection emphasize the need for global cross-cultural understanding in order to achieve harmony of the human race. The roles of various groups within the United States to achieve this goal are addressed in Buck's "A Letter to Colored Americans" essay and her speeches both to the New York Urban League and the New York Board of Education. Other items of note include the incomplete manuscript for Buck's biography of her father, Fighting Angel: Portrait of a Soul, which includes corrections and additions in Buck's handwriting, and the unpublished play script inserts and prose manuscript for Flight into China, which Buck later expanded into her novel Peony.

This series contains correspondence; a notebook of meeting minutes of the Theological Seminary Committee of the Syrian Mission, 1873 – 1874, as well as a list of students of the Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Beyrout (Beirut); an address book with a typed index of names categorized by country of residence; a Book of Particulars noting letters and date sent; and a brief statement by Malbone Watson Graham detailing circumstances leading to the publication of Christian Missions and Social Progress (by Dennis). Correspondence includes letters to Dennis from missionaries in China, Korea, England, the United States, India, Japan, Turkey, Madagascar, Scotland, and Burma, among others, and are in response to a call by Dennis for updated information and images on missions to be used in a reprint of Christian Missions and Social Progress. Also included with the correspondence are newspaper clippings and photographs.