Nikolai Trofimovich Dakhov Papers, 1920-1960
Collection context
- Creator:
- Dakhov, Nikolaĭ Trofimovich, 1893-
- Extent:
- 150 items (1 box; 1 oversized folder)
- Language:
- Russian .
- Scope and content:
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The collection includes letters of an autobiographical nature; memoirs concerning the Civil War and emigration, the largest part of them entitled "Ot Gallipoli do Brazilii"; copies of photographs and drawings from the Civil War and the Russian emigre fascist movement in the 1930's; and one issue of Russkaia Gazeta (Saõ Paulo, 1935), edited by Dakhov. Oversized materials: One folder, front fold of Russkaia Gazeta, January 26, 1935.
- Biographical / historical:
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Nikolai Trofimovich Dakhov (Nicolaus Dakhoff, 1893-1963?), leader of Russian fascists in Brazil, also known as a founder of Russian colony Balizo in Brazil.
Nikolai Dakhov was born in 1893 as Nikanor Trofimovich Dakhov in the South of the Russian empire. In 1914, like everyone else he was drafted into the First World War. After graduating from the Kuban-Sophia military school in Yekaterinodar in February 1918, Dakhov took part in the battles near Yekaterinodar, fought in the Crimea and Northern Tavria and eventually immigrated to Turkey. In April 1921, Dakhov left for Brazil. He was luckier than many of his fellow soldiers. Having started as a laborer, he soon after founded a small dairy farm, organizing the Russian community "Colonia Balizo", in which about 150 families lived.
In December 1927, Nikolai Dakhov started a new enterprise, Russkaia Gazeta (Russian newspaper), the first Russian language newspaper in Brazil. The results of the activities of this newspaper in Brazil to unite compatriots were impressive. "For almost three years of its existence, "Russkaia Gazeta" has firmly entered the social life of the Russian colony in Sao Paulo, and its leaders were actively involved in resolving issues concerning the colony."
All those years Nikolai Dakhov was not only the editor of the newspaper but very active in political life of the Russian colony. In 1933, he became a member of the Brazilian branch of the Rossiiskii fashistskii soiuz (Russian Fascist Union) which was dissolved in 1948.
At first, the overwhelming majority of immigrants from Russia showed little interest in politics, except for their attacks on anarchists and socialists. Of course, the monarchists had some influence, but in those years, most of the former participants in the civil war did not nurture practical plans to restore the monarchy in Russia, since their main goal in life was the struggle for existence. Some changes in political life became visible towards the end of the 1930s. Russian youth began to organize themselves into the fascist party popular among them. The first public meeting of the Russian fascists took place on April 1, 1934 in Sao Paulo. The most popular were Mladorosy (the Young Russians), who published, albeit irregularly, their own publications, the newspaper Mladoroskoe slovo (since 1939 - Slovo).
Dakhov died in San Paolo in 1963 and is buried there.
Access and use
- Restrictions:
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This collection is located on-site.
This collection has no restrictions.
- Terms of access:
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Reproductions may be made for research purposes. The RBML maintains ownership of the physical material only. Copyright remains with the creator and his/her heirs. The responsibility to secure copyright permission rests with the patron.
- Preferred citation:
-
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Nikolai Trofimovich Dakhov Papers; Box and Folder; Bakhmeteff Archive, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University.
- Location of this collection:
- Before you visit:
- Researchers interested in viewing materials in the RBML reading room must must book an appointment at least 7 days in advance. To make the most of your visit, be sure to request your desired materials before booking your appointment, as researchers are limited to 5 items per day.
- Contact:
- rbml@library.columbia.edu